School Refusal – A Concerning Rise
Recent research highlights a concerning rise in school refusal among children and teenagers in Australia, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic. School refusal is defined by a child’s severe emotional distress about attending school, leading to frequent absences with parental knowledge, unlike school truancy whereby absences are concealed from parents.
Why do kids refuse to attend school?
Kids refuse to attend school for various emotional, psychological, social and environmental reasons. These includes:
- Anxiety Disorders – social anxiety, separation anxiety can make attending school overwhelming
- Depression – low mood, lack of motivation can lead to avoidance
- Bullying – fear of bullying or social exclusion may make school feel unsafe
- Academic Stress – fear of failure, pressure to perform or learning difficulties can cause avoidance.
- Family Issues – divorce, illness or major life changes may increase school refusal
- Trauma – previous traumatic experiences may make school feel unsafe or overwhelming
What are the signs of school refusal?
- Frequent complaints of physical symptoms (headaches, stomach aches) before or during school
- Emotional distress such as crying, panic attacks or tantrums when discussing school
- Difficulty sleeping or increased anxiety on school nights
- Missing school frequently or showing reluctance to attend school
- Avoidance of school-related activities or excessive dependence on parents
Understanding the root cause of school refusal is usually a symptom of an underlying issue rather than the problem itself. Identifying the root cause, whether it is anxiety, bullying, academic struggles or family dynamics, is crucial in addressing it effectively.
Like many things, school refusal comes with its implications. The increase in school refusal has profound implications for students’ academic achievements, social development, and mental health. Particularly, school refusal has profound effects on a child’s health and wellbeing, their sense of self-worth, their connections to friends and family, and their aspirations for beyond school.
What are some strategies to help kids overcome school refusal?
Addressing school refusal requires a collaborative and individualised approach involving families, schools and mental health professionals.
- Open Communication – engage in an open and calm discussion with your child about their feelings towards school because understanding their concerns is crucial to an effective approach.
- Collaborate with the School – work with teachers and other school staff to create a tailored plan to address your child’s specific needs within the school environment.
- Seek Professional Support – consult with mental health professionals who can provide coping strategies and therapeutic interventions associated with school refusal.
- Implement Routine and Structure – consistent schedules, or routines can help reduce anxiety. Implement regular sleep patterns, morning routines and set time for homework and leisure.
- Consider Hands-On Learning Programs – engaging with practical activities like Hands On Australia, can help children build their confidence and foster a sensing of belonging.
Addressing this refusal is a gradual process that benefits from patience, understanding and consistent support. Successfully reintegrating your child into the educational setting can be greatly aided by making use of community services and engaging in open communication with your child.
BLOG written by Zeynep Erturk: Provisional Psychologist BSc (Psych). | GradDipPsych (Adv).
IMAGES: Sourced from Freep!k
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